| jade sand painting  
		Name for a type of Chinese modern 
		objet d'art, which is created by affixing coloured and finely granulated
		 
    jade 
		to the surface of 
		paper in an artistic fashion, similar to ordinary sandpaper, which was 
		invented in 
		      
		      
		      China, 
		probably as early as 
		the 13th century AD. By coating the paper with different colours of the 
		fine granulated jade, both portraits and landscapes can be formed, as 
		well as all kinds of objects and abstract art, somewhat 
		reminiscent of the sand 
		
    					
						mandala 
    	as used in  
						  
						
    
	Vajrayana Buddhism 
		(fig.). 
		In addition, also 
		
		Chinese calligraphy 
		is made, 
		especially characters in Chinese script. Akin to jade carvings, the 
		possession of a jade sand painting is believed to have the power to bring 
		good luck and protection. Sometime referred to as jade sand paper, and in Chinese, known as 
		
		
		yu sha hua (玉沙画), 
		i.e. ‘jade sand painting’ or ‘granulated jade drawing’. In 
		
	Myanmar, 
		a similar concept is used to make
		
		Burmese sand paintings (fig.), 
		using sand of the Irrawaddy River. 
			
		
		
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