Wat Kumpha Pradit (วัดกุมภประดิษฐ์),
i.e. the ‘Temple of the Artificial Pot’, is a picturesque Buddhist temple in the
district Mae Rim (แม่ริม) of the northern Thai province of Chiang Mai (เชียงใหม่).
It is locally also known as Wat Ban Mo (วัดบ้านหม้อ), i.e. ‘Temple of the Pot
House’. Though the origin of the name is unclear, it is however clearly
symbolized in the large golden pot near the side of the road at the entrance of
the temple. Here, lined up alongside the edge of a narrow stroke of grass
adjacent to the road, are a number of white mythical lion statues known as singh,
each in a different posture from the next, and often with different
features, such as wings, and with one holding a woman in its open mouth, which
refers to a northern legend of a lion that could take on a human body. Whereas
the temple is built in the Lan Na (ล้านนา) style, there are also
influences of Burmese architectural styles and several of the Buddha images on
display are in the Chiang Saen (เชียงแสน) style. Behind the main prayer hall is
a stupa that has a hall with a white Buddha image seated in the maravichaya
pose, as well as a green Crowned Buddha image, reminiscent of the Emerald
Buddha, whereas the inner walls of this hall have pastel murals that depict
scenes and mythological creatures from mythical Himaphan (หิมพาน) Forest, such
as kinnari (กินรี - mythical creatures that are half-bird half-woman) and
nariphon (นารีพล - fairy-like beings that grow as fruits on trees and offer
erotic pleasure), as well as a depiction of Thewalohk (เทวโลก), the plane or
heaven where the gods live and part of the Trilok (ตรีโลก) or ‘Three Worlds’,
i.e. the three realms in Buddhist cosmology, namely Heaven, Earth and Hell.
Whereas the elevated platform of the stupa is surrounded with bronze Buddha
statues of the Phra Prajam Wan (พระประจำวัน), a system in which each day of the
week corresponds to a certain representation of a Buddha image, the square base
on which the stupa sits is adorned with the twelve animals of the Chinese
zodiac, whilst on each of the four corners of the base sits a Lokapala (लोकपाल),
a ‘Guardian of the World’, one for each of the four points of the compass, and
also known as the Four Heavenly Kings, namely Thao Wetsuwan (เวสสุวัณ, เวสสุวรรณ),
the guardian of the North, here depicted with a golden complexion and holding a
club or mace, known as gada (गदा), and a bag with coins; Thao (ท้าว) Thatarattha
(ธตรฐ, ธตรัฏฐะ), the guardian of the East, here depicted with a red complexion
and holding a disc known as a chakra (चक्र, จักร); Thao Wirunhok (วิรุฬหก), the
guardian of the South, here depicted with a yellow complexion and holding an
elongated club or staff; and Thao Wirupak (วิรูปักษ์), the guardian of the West,
here depicted with a white complexion and holding a golden sword, while he has a
mythological snake-like naag (นาค) or naga (नाग) coiled around his neck, a
reference to his status as a king and leader of the nagas, as well as a symbolic
reference to his representation in southern India as Virupaksa (विरूपाक्ष),
where he is considered to be a form of Shiva (शिव), who is traditionally
depicted with a cobra around is neck. In front of the stupa, to the right of the
staircase, stands a golden statue of Phra Sangkatjaai (พระสังกัจจายน์), a
Buddhist monk who was an arhat (अर्हत्), i.e. a Buddhist saint, and one of the
Ten Principal Disciples, here depicted with black hair and holding an alms bowl.
Furthermore, the temple features a small hall with a statue of the Hindu
elephant-headed god Ganesha (श्रीगणेश), that has whire rats, Ganesha's vahana (वहन),
i.e. the mount or vehicle of a deity, as roof finals. Mid-2023, a new and giant
standing statue of Thao Wetsuwan was being constructed at the southern entrance
of the compound.
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