On the southeastern
side of Kwahn Phayao (กว๊านพะเยา), i.e. the lake in the northern
Thai city of Phayao (พะเยา), is the Green Peacock Park, known in
Thai as Uthayaan Nok Yoong Thai (อุทยานนกยูงไทย), i.e. ‘Thai Peacock
Park’, with Nok Yoong Thai being the Thai name for the Green
Peafowl, a type of peacock with the scientific designation Pavo
muticus and native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia,
including Thailand, where it is the largest of all birds, though
rarely seen in the wild, where it dwells in mixed woodlands and
lowland clearings, especially near rivers. Green Peafowl are birds
related to the Indian Blue Peafowl (Argusianus argus), but unlike
the latter, both sexes of the Green Peafowl are quite similar in
appearance, making it rather difficult to distinguish the male
peacock from the female peahen. In mythology, it is often referred
to by its Sanskrit generic name Mayura (मायूर) and is the mount of
Skanda (स्कन्द) or Karttikeya (कार्तिकेय), the Hindu god of war and
one of the sons of Shiva (शिव) and his consort Devi (देवी); as well
as the mount of Sarasvati (सरस्वती, สรัสวดี), the Hindu goddess of
art and learning, and the consort of Brahma (ब्रह्मा).
In Buddhism, the bird is furthermore the mount of Amitabha (अमिताभ),
one of the five transcendental or dhyani buddhas of Mahayana
Buddhism who reigns over Western Paradise and is the personification
of Eternal Light. The Golden Peacock Suvarnavabhasa (सुवर्णवभासा),
depicted in the centre of the park, is a former chaht (ชาติ) or
incarnation of the Buddha, usually referred to as the Peacock King,
who lived near the Himalayas and who used to recite the Mahamayuri (महामायूर)
dharani (धारणी), a magical formula used to ensure protection, daily
with great devotion. One day the Peacock King travelled with his
family to the mountains, forgetting to recite the dharani. He was
caught by hunters and thinking of his forgetfulness of the dharani
he immediately began to recite it and was able to free himself.
Consequently, the dharani became known as the Golden Peacock Charm
and is believed to be efficient in all cases of dangers, on top of a
protection from snake bites. Akin to some states in Myanmar, the
peacock is a symbol of northern Thailand, where it is often found as
a decorative item on temple gable boards and in Lan Na (ล้านนา)-style
architecture. It is also celebrated in the northern-style Peacock
Dance, which originates from Myanmar's Shan State. In Myanmar, the
peacock is the symbol of the Konbaung () Dynasty, i.e. the
last dynasty that ruled Burma, while in the nation's practice of
Theravada Buddhism and its relevant iconography, it is a symbol for
the sun, referring to the fact that this bird was once known as Sun
Turkey and associated with the power of the solar deities, that ‒in
combination with the rabbit, which represents the moon ‒ signifies
Enlightenment, akin to the Chinese characters for sun and moon, i.e.
日 (ri) and 月 (yue), that when placed together as 明 (ming), become to
mean ‘bright’, ‘clear’, or ‘to understand. The peacock is hence
often used decoratively, e.g. as in the Peacock Throne, a famous
jewelled throne that was the seat of the emperors of the Mughal (मुग़ल)
Empire in India.
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